Jakarta — Nutmeg, one of the world’s most prized spices, has shaped centuries of global trade and cultural exchange. Known for its warm aroma and versatile flavor, nutmeg remains a vital commodity in 2025, with only a handful of countries cultivating it on a large scale.
At the top of the list is Indonesia, which accounts for more than 70% of global production. Each year, the country produces between 40,000 and 45,000 tonnes, primarily from the Maluku and North Maluku provinces—historically known as the “Spice Islands.” Fertile volcanic soil and a tropical climate make these regions ideal for nutmeg cultivation. Indonesian exports include whole nutmeg, ground nutmeg, nutmeg oil, and mace, supporting thousands of smallholder farmers.
India ranks second, producing around 14,000–16,000 tonnes annually, mainly in Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Nutmeg is deeply embedded in Indian cuisine and Ayurvedic medicine, with exports reaching Gulf countries and Southeast Asia.
In the Americas, Guatemala has emerged as a key supplier, producing about 4,000 tonnes per year. Its favorable climate allows the country to serve North American markets with consistent quality.
Sri Lanka, with an output of roughly 3,000 tonnes, integrates nutmeg into both culinary traditions and herbal remedies. The spice is cultivated in the island’s wet and central regions.
Completing the top five is Grenada, famously dubbed the “Island of Spice.” Despite its small size, Grenada produces about 2,500 tonnes annually and remains a leading exporter to Europe, celebrated for the fragrance and quality of its nutmeg and mace.
Other producers such as Malaysia, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Papua New Guinea contribute smaller volumes, largely for domestic consumption.
The global nutmeg trade underscores a broader truth: while production is geographically concentrated, its cultural and economic impact is far-reaching. From Banda Islands farmers to European kitchens, nutmeg continues to connect communities across continents.
